This part examines some of important Western philosophers and philosophical traditions in the 19th and 20th centuries, including Hegel, Nietzsche, Marx, Pragmatism, and Sartre.

This part looks at some of important Western philosophers during the 16th to 18th centuries: Hobbes, Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz, Locke, Berkeley, Hume, and Kant.

This part examines some of important Western philosophers from the ancient Greece to the Middle Ages, including Pythagoras, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, and Thomas Aquinas.